Lead Dioxide Titanium Anode
Lead dioxide titanium electrodes are electrodes with a lead dioxide (PbO2) coating plated onto a titanium substrate. Compared to MMO titanium anodes, lead dioxide titanium electrodes are characterized by thicker coatings, typically ranging from 0.3 to 2 mm. These electrodes exhibit high electrocatalytic activity and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for use in various harsh environments, including strong acidic and alkaline conditions.
- Batteries: Employed as the positive electrode in batteries, leveraging their excellent electrochemical properties to extend battery lifespan and enhance energy density.
- Anode Material in Electrolytic Processes: Utilized as anode materials in electrolytic processes, such as the electrolytic production of chromic acid, chlorates, and chromium plating from chromic acid solutions.
- Electrolytic production of ozone.
- Wastewater Treatment: Used for oxidizing organic substances and other pollutants to achieve purification .
- Hydrometallurgy：Extracting zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, etc. in sulfate solutions.
- Datasheet
| Substrate | Gr1 Gr2 Titanium |
| Coating | β-PbO2 |
| Coating Thickness | 0.3-2mm |
| Dimension&Shape | Plate/Mesh/Tube/Bar or Customized |
| Current density | ≤5000A/m2 |
| PH | 0-4 |
| Working Temperature | 20-80℃ |
| Other Coating Support | Platinized titanium anode,Ruthenium iridium titanium anode,Iridium oxide coated titanium anodes etc |
| Fluorine content | <60mg/L |
| Market Price | More competitive than MMO titanium anode |
Titanium Substrate
Titanium substrates such as titanium sheets, titanium meshes, titanium rods, titanium tubes, etc., are commonly used for various applications. Among these, titanium mesh is often recommended as a substrate for electrodes due to several advantages:
- Reduced overall weight of the titanium electrode.
- Secure bonding with deposited layers.
- Facilitates good circulation of electrolyte solution, enhancing current efficiency.
- Effectively prevents overheating of the titanium electrode, allowing operation at high current densities, even up to 100A/dm2.
Bottom layer
When making lead dioxide titanium anode, the bottom layer is primarily designed to protect the titanium substrate and improve its bonding properties with the surface layer. Two main recommendations for the bottom layer are:
- Application of tin antimony oxide: A solution composed of stannic chloride, antimony trichloride, hydrochloric acid, and n-butanol is uniformly applied onto the titanium substrate using a brush. Upon high-temperature sintering, a dense layer of tin antimony oxide is formed. Electrodes with this bottom layer have been tested to last 5-10 times longer under the same conditions compared to those without the bottom layer. Moreover, the coating is less prone to detachment.
- Application of titanium tantalum oxide: A mixture of tantalum pentachloride, titanium tetrachloride, hydrochloric acid, and water, with a specific ratio, is heated at 520°C for 10 minutes to produce a mixture of tantalum oxide and titanium oxide. The bottom layer made from this mixture exhibits good conductivity and corrosion resistance. It does not catalyze oxygen evolution reactions. During electrolysis, there is no concern about electrolytic reactions or detachment of the coating if the bottom layer is exposed.
Intermediate &Surface layer
The intermediate layer is designed to enhance the adhesion between the lead dioxide coating and the titanium substrate while mitigating the formation of electroplating distortion within the coating.
Typically, α-PbO2 is used as the intermediate layer, positioned between TiO2 and β-PbO2.
Its oxygen-oxygen atomic spacing lies between that of TiO2 and β-PbO2, making it suitable for both and ensuring uniform distribution of β-PbO2 on the surface.
Surface layer is β-PbO2, which can reduce electroplating distortion.
Related Products
Complete Guide
Lead Dioxide Titanium Anode
Every type of titanium anode must adhere to strict and accurate instructions to efficiently and durably unleash its performance. Lead dioxide titanium anodes require even stricter adherence.
- Ti/PbO2 titanium anode coating thickness is very thick. Therefore, shock-resistant packaging such as foam plastic, air bags, or foam boards is commonly used. During transportation, efforts should be made to prevent dropping, slamming, or significant impact. During using, precautions should be taken to prevent scratching, collisions, or abrasions on the surface to avoid damage or detachment of the coating, which may affect performance. Additionally, precautions should be taken to prevent the effects of oil contamination, strong corrosive substances, uneven heating and cooling, deformation, etc., on the titanium electrode.
- To prevent short circuits between the anode and cathode plates, and unless specified otherwise, avoid configuring the electrode in the reverse direction; it should only be used as an anode.
- Before selecting and using PbO2 titanium anode, confirm whether it is suitable for the working environment, and take necessary protective measures as needed. Do not arbitrarily use an electrode in an unevaluated environment.
- Strictly adhere to the operating procedures outlined in the process specifications. Factors such as excessive current, high voltage, sudden power outages, high solution concentration, temperature, impurity ions, etc., can affect the effectiveness of the coated titanium electrode. Appropriate process systems not only extend the service life but also improve the quality and yield of the products.
- Power outage protection measures: Frequent power outages or sudden power outages can affect the service life of the electrode and the quality and yield of the products. During power outages or major repairs, avoid immersing the electrode in the solution medium for an extended period without protective current or protective measures.
Just PbO2 titanium anode is mishandled or improperly processed, it may result in environmental pollution.
In certain specific application scenarios, such as specific acidic electroplating solutions, and considering cost factors, selecting lead titanate dioxide anode may be more suitable for customers.
Our enhanced life time test is :60000A/m2,1mol/L H2SO4,40±2℃, lasting time ≥200h（Pb0.5mm）.
Our max size currently is 1200x1200mm.
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